Since the reform and opening up, the country's comprehensive national strength has gradually increased under the characteristic national conditions of China, which has brought about the improvement of the national material life. Therefore, the consumables in daily life are gradually increasing, and the amount of domestic garbage is increasing, which not only affects the city. The face has also brought great influence to our living and living environment. Therefore, the way of using the incineration method to effectively deal with the daily energy generated by the garbage in daily life can also bring economic benefits. The article elaborates on the status quo of waste incineration power generation and deeply discusses its current problems, and provides countermeasures for its future optimization and development.

Key words: domestic garbage; incineration power generation; status quo; development countermeasures

1 Introduction

The way of landfilling or destroying garbage is no longer realistic with the increase of domestic garbage. Therefore, waste incineration power generation technology has become the most scientific and effective and harmless garbage disposal mode, which not only solves the problem caused by garbage dumping, but also solves the problem of garbage dumping. At the same time, it has exerted the value of garbage utilization, reduced environmental pollution and solved the demand for electricity for people's lives. However, due to the immature technology of waste incineration power generation, the environmental awareness of waste incineration power plants is not too high, and the government's policy support is also lacking. Therefore, in the development and construction of waste incineration power generation projects, many problems have emerged, so We should further analyze this issue and find a solution to the problem.

2. Status of domestic waste incineration power generation project

2.1 Overview of the incineration method

First, the garbage incinerator will be built, and the domestic garbage that has been classified will be put into the incinerator, and then the temperature will be controlled at about 980 °C to incinerate the garbage to reduce the volume of the garbage. The purpose can be reduced to one-fifth to two. One of the points, if the domestic garbage is flammable or even reduced to one-tenth, the volume is reduced and the mass is reduced, which is more conducive to the landfill and the large amount of heat generated by the incineration for power generation.

2.2 Status of incineration power generation

With the increase in the number of nationals and the improvement of the quality of people's daily lives, the rich daily life has also increased the amount of domestic garbage. In 2017 alone, the total amount of domestic garbage in cities across the country will reach 300 million tons.

China has carried out in-depth development of ecological civilization, and garbage disposal is even more urgent. Incineration and power generation have reduced the environmental pressure of the city itself, but have put forward higher requirements for garbage classification. At present, China's garbage classification system is still very imperfect, and different kinds of garbage are burning together, which will not only lead to power generation difficulties but also may lead to environmental crisis. If these shortcomings are not properly handled, they will bring disaster to the city's ecosystem. Therefore, through the analysis and research on the status quo of municipal solid waste incineration power generation, the existing problems are mainly concentrated in the following four aspects:

1) The waste classification system is not perfect

At present, all cities in China are testing the garbage classification system. Different cities have set up different garbage storage boxes. However, people's awareness of garbage classification is not strong. There are still many garbage mixing problems. The burning of garbage together will not only lead to difficulties in power generation but also to environmental crisis.

2) Incineration technology needs to be improved

China's current incineration power generation technology is still low. It can be widely used in China's cities, mainly from the economic investment and the relative maturity of incineration processes and equipment, but the incineration method is mainly limited to direct incineration, but if it is treated Improper can cause secondary pollution due to spillage of dioxins. At present, the key equipment for waste incineration power generation equipment in China is basically increased by the introduction of waste incineration treatment. At present, the localization research work on key equipment of incinerators has been carried out, but its performance is still lacking.

3) The operation management of some waste incineration plants is very irregular

It is still a big difficulty to eliminate dioxin emissions under the current waste incineration technology. The key is that the full combustion of domestic garbage cannot be guaranteed. The World Health Organization has pointed out that it is possible to increase the comprehensive value of secondary use of burned slag in building materials. However, the operation and management of some waste incineration plants are not standardized, and the dioxin pollution caused by incineration of garbage and the secondary utilization of slag are not well handled, which not only causes economic waste but also causes environmental pollution. Secondary pollution.

4) National policies on waste incineration are not perfect

At present, it takes a lot of money to start a domestic waste incineration power plant and enable it to operate well. However, the calorific value generated by the burning of domestic garbage in the city is very low, and the amount of heat generated is very small. The electricity generated by an incineration power plant alone cannot guarantee the normal operation and nowhere else. Talk about getting a reasonable return. Therefore, the main economic sources of municipal incineration power plants are mainly concentrated in the two aspects of electricity sales revenue and domestic garbage disposal fees. However, these waste incineration power plants now face double pressures of waste disposal fees and low on-grid tariffs, and their operations are in jeopardy. Therefore, the state is required to give policy support to these waste incineration power plants, improve its relevant policy systems, and provide guarantees for its good operation.

3. Development countermeasures for domestic waste incineration power generation project

Incineration and power generation of domestic waste is currently the best waste disposal method, but its own drawbacks have affected its healthy development. In order to solve these problems and make them better develop, there are currently several countermeasures:

1) Establish compensation mechanism

The main reason for urban residents to oppose the establishment of waste incineration power plants is to worry about the impact on their living environment. Therefore, in addition to increasing education and publicity in the city and strengthening the operational supervision of incineration power plants, the necessary economic compensation is more fair. The municipal solid waste incineration power plant serves the urban life and also has a certain degree of impact on the surrounding environmental quality, but the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, by establishing a compensation mechanism to balance the psychological emotions of nearby residents, to compensate for the inconvenience caused by the damage caused by sanitation facilities, the city's incineration power plant is better operated.

2) Strengthen law enforcement supervision

Due to the imperfections and development lag of the domestic waste incineration power plant, the state has not supervised it. This has led to some domestic waste incineration power plants that only pursue economic benefits and neglect the treatment of toxic gas emissions. It affects the sustainable development of the environment, destroys its own corporate image and affects the living environment of nearby residents. Therefore, strengthen law enforcement, strictly supervise waste incineration power plants, and promote the promulgation of laws and regulations related to waste incineration.

It is more perfect and reasonable to establish the process, and at the same time echoes the participation of the whole people, so that they can enjoy the right to know the environment, strengthen environmental awareness, and realize the participation of the whole people in the planning of the environmental protection system.

3) Extensive promotion to improve people's environmental awareness

A comprehensive understanding of the status quo of waste incineration power generation, comprehensive and comprehensive weighing of the advantages and disadvantages caused by domestic waste incineration power generation objectively and fairly deal with the current debate on the issue of municipal solid waste incineration power generation, this is not only the responsibility and task of government personnel, but also The responsibility and tasks of each citizen. Now many government agencies in the city actively organize the masses to visit the domestic waste incineration power plant, one of which makes them aware of the environmental pressures currently caused by domestic waste; the second correctly guides the understanding of the process of waste incineration power generation; People's awareness of waste sorting, waste reduction, and resource reduction. This expectation of environmental protection for all people is realized.

to sum up

People's daily life can't avoid the generation of garbage, so we can only reduce the amount of domestic garbage by raising awareness of environmental protection and resource protection for the whole people. At the same time, through the education and publicity of the whole people, the waste sorting can be successfully realized and the waste incineration can be reduced. The workload of the power plant is burdened and the secondary pollution of the environment is avoided. Of course, we should also increase the enforcement of domestic waste incineration power plants, so that we should put environmental protection first in consideration of economic benefits, introduce advanced exhaust gas treatment equipment and slag treatment equipment, and strictly control the discharge of gas and slag. At the same time, we will study the secondary use of slag after waste incineration treatment, and realize the national call for turning waste into treasure. Garbage disposal has always been a difficult problem to overcome. Therefore, the research on the treatment of domestic waste cannot be stopped, and it should be made for the good environment in the future.